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Overview  /  Technology
Technology

Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion — proven, multi-fuel, low-emission

CFBC is the globally preferred choice for multi-fuel biomass power plants: fuel flexibility across moisture, size and calorific value, in-furnace emission control, and proven operation at 12.5 MW scale in India, South-East Asia and Europe.

Selected technology

Why CFBC over travelling grate

CriterionCFBC (Selected)Travelling Grate (Alternative)
Fuel flexibilityHigh — accepts a wide variety of biomass with varying moisture, size and calorific valueModerate — requires more uniform fuel
EfficiencyHigh — 30–35% thermal efficiencyLower — 25–30%
Emission performanceExcellent — in-furnace SO₂ and NOₓ controlRequires more post-combustion treatment
Mixed fuel operationProven multi-fuel capability — can blend different agricultural residuesLimited blending
O&M requirementsModerate — well-established maintenance protocolsLower complexity but lower performance
Market maturityGlobally proven at 12.50 MW scale in India, SE Asia, EuropeProven at small scale
Technical specifications

Boiler, turbine-generator and balance of plant

Boiler system

Boiler Type
CFBC — Multi-fuel Biomass Boiler
Steam Output
50–55 TPH
Operating Pressure
60–67 bar (g)
Steam Temperature
470°C – 485°C (Superheated)
Feed Water Temperature
120°C – 140°C
Thermal Efficiency
>85% (boiler), >30% (overall plant)
Fuel Feed System
Pneumatic / Mechanical — multi-point feeding
Auxiliary Systems
ESP; ID & FD fans; ash handling; economizer; air pre-heater

Steam turbine & generator

Turbine Type
Condensing Steam Turbine with Controlled Extraction
Generator Capacity
12.50 MW
Frequency
50 Hz
Voltage
11 kV (generator terminal)
Speed
3,000 RPM
Cooling System
Surface condenser with cooling tower / air-cooled condenser
Governor
Electronic speed governor with automatic load control

Balance of plant

  • Water Treatment: Reverse osmosis and de-mineralisation; 375 m³/day
  • Cooling Tower: Induced draft, minimising water use through recirculation
  • Biomass Handling: Covered receiving pit → belt conveyors → magnetic separators → storage silos → fuel feeding
  • Ash Handling: Pneumatic fly ash conveying to silo; bottom ash chain conveyor → ash yard → utilisation/sale
  • Electrical Switchyard: 11/66 kV step-up transformer; SF6 breakers; protection relays; SCADA-integrated control
  • Control Room: DCS with full plant automation, historian and performance monitoring
Grid interface

Connected to the national grid at Sumbawanga

Generation at 11 kV is stepped up through the plant switchyard to a 33 kV / 66 kV interconnection with the TANESCO Sumbawanga Substation, which is being integrated into the national 400 kV network through the TAZA transmission project (expected February 2027).

Export capacity

10 MW delivered at the interconnection point of the TANESCO sub-station from 12.5 MW installed capacity, with ~9% auxiliary consumption.

Availability

Designed for 80% plant load factor (industry standard 75–85%) with a covered fuel inventory of 120–150 days and a three-year specialist O&M agreement targeting ≥85% availability.

Water & discharge

0.8–1.2 m³/MWh from a groundwater borewell with surface water as supplementary source; zero liquid discharge with full recycling.